cnc加工指的是計算機數控加工，是目前制造業重要的加工方式之一CNC加工技術可以使加工中心具有自動化操作、精密加工、高生產效率等優點，因此越來越受到各(ge)行(xing)各(ge)業重視　　CNC加工中(zhong)心是一(yi)種多(duo)軸聯動(dong)(dong)的(de)機床，具有較強的(de)精密(mi)加工能力(li)和(he)自動(dong)(dong)化程度。

目(mu)前，市場上的CNC加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心(xin)(xin)主要(yao)有兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)，一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是數(shu)(shu)控車(che)(che)床(chuang)，另一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是數(shu)(shu)控銑(xian)床(chuang)數(shu)(shu)控車(che)(che)床(chuang)是以(yi)數(shu)(shu)控系(xi)統控制車(che)(che)床(chuang)的運行(xing)，主要(yao)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圓形零件(jian)；數(shu)(shu)控銑(xian)床(chuang)是以(yi)數(shu)(shu)控系(xi)統控制銑(xian)床(chuang)的運行(xing)，主要(yao)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)平面零件(jian)　　根據CNC加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心(xin)(xin)的不(bu)同結構(gou)，可以(yi)分為立(li)(li)式加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心(xin)(xin)、臥(wo)式加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心(xin)(xin)、臥(wo)式立(li)(li)式加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心(xin)(xin)和桌面加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心(xin)(xin)。

根據CNC加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的工(gong)(gong)作特點，可以將其分為非精(jing)密(mi)(mi)CNC加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)和精(jing)密(mi)(mi)CNC加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)非精(jing)密(mi)(mi)CNC加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)用于(yu)大型(xing)零(ling)件的生(sheng)產加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)精(jing)度要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)較低，生(sheng)產效率較高；精(jing)密(mi)(mi)CNC加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)用于(yu)小型(xing)零(ling)件的生(sheng)產加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)精(jing)度要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)較高，生(sheng)產效率較低。

　　一般來說，CNC加工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)主(zhu)要結構有床身(shen)結構、主(zhu)軸(zhou)結構、工(gong)(gong)作臺結構、伺服系(xi)統和(he)數控(kong)系(xi)統　　床身(shen)結構是CNC加工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)主(zhu)體(ti)結構，主(zhu)要由底座(zuo)(zuo)、主(zhu)軸(zhou)支撐座(zuo)(zuo)、主(zhu)軸(zhou)支承座(zuo)(zuo)、刀(dao)架、前后導軌和(he)滑臺等部(bu)件(jian)構成(cheng)　　主(zhu)軸(zhou)結構是CNC加工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)核心(xin)(xin)(xin)部(bu)件(jian)，主(zhu)軸(zhou)是傳動所有工(gong)(gong)具的(de)核心(xin)(xin)(xin)部(bu)件(jian)，是CNC加工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)精密器(qi)件(jian)。

常用的主軸(zhou)有(you)直(zhi)線主軸(zhou)、柱面主軸(zhou)和(he)圓(yuan)錐主軸(zhou)　　工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺結構是CNC加(jia)工(gong)中心的一個重要部分，工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺是工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)件固定的主要部件一般情況下，工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺是圓(yuan)柱形的，也(ye)有(you)長(chang)方(fang)形和(he)橢圓(yuan)形的工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺上(shang)安裝(zhuang)有(you)夾具，用于固定工(gong)件，以(yi)便進(jin)行加(jia)工(gong)。

　　伺服(fu)(fu)(fu)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)是CNC加工(gong)中心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)部分，伺服(fu)(fu)(fu)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)伺服(fu)(fu)(fu)電機、伺服(fu)(fu)(fu)驅動(dong)器(qi)、伺服(fu)(fu)(fu)控(kong)制器(qi)和(he)伺服(fu)(fu)(fu)編碼(ma)器(qi)等部件(jian)組成(cheng)伺服(fu)(fu)(fu)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)作用是提供各軸的(de)(de)驅動(dong)力，使其運動(dong)達到預定的(de)(de)位置　　數控(kong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)是CNC加工(gong)中心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)核(he)心(xin)(xin)部件(jian)，數控(kong)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)是CNC加工(gong)中心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)智能化核(he)心(xin)(xin)，它可以實現(xian)對數控(kong)加工(gong)中心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)自動(dong)控(kong)制和(he)管(guan)理。

數控系統(tong)主(zhu)要(yao)由計算(suan)機、操作面板、硬(ying)盤(pan)、內(nei)存、輸入設備(bei)和輸出設備(bei)等部(bu)件組(zu)成　　CNC加工(gong)中心是(shi)一種(zhong)先進(jin)的加工(gong)方式，它具有自動化操作、精密(mi)加工(gong)、高生產效率等優點，因此越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)受到各行各業重視。